Which time is associated with elements of a setup procedure performed while the process or machine isn't running?

• A. External setup time
• B. Changeover time
• C. Internal setup time
• D. Idle time

Answer: (C)

Setup activities are divided into internal and external. Internal setup time is the portion that must be done when the process or machine is not running, such as changing tooling, swapping parts, or adjusting equipment before starting the next run. External setup time consists of tasks that can be completed while the machine is still operating or between runs without stopping production, like preparing the next job or gathering tools in advance. The total changeover time includes both internal and external components, while idle time is simply downtime with no production. Since the tasks in question must occur while the machine isn’t running, they are internal setup time.